Inside the Mind of Deserusan

At Gaspari, the pros and cons were weighed concerning IntraPro and we have decided to keep this in our product line up. Believe it or not, IntraPro was added to our catalog because of a strong demand from our growing base of loyal costumers and not as a true money maker. While it is not talked about frequently on this forum it does quite well in our brick and mortar retailers. Unfortunately, the price will go up slightly in effort to keep the product on the shelves.

Daniel

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2007 May;10(3):265-71.

Physiological roles of muscle-derived interleukin-6 in response to exercise.

Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism at the Department of Infectious Diseases, and Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. bkp@rh.dk

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss recent findings with regard to the regulation of muscle-derived interleukin-6 as well as the possible physiological and metabolic roles of interleukin-6 in response to exercise. RECENT FINDINGS: Contraction-induced transcription and release of interleukin-6 is primarily regulated by an altered intramuscular milieu in response to exercise. Accordingly, changes in calcium homeostasis, impaired glucose availability and increased formation of reactive oxygen species are all associated with exercise and capable of activating transcription factors known to regulate interleukin-6 synthesis. Acute interleukin-6 administration to humans increases lipolysis, fat oxidation and insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation by interleukin-6 appears to play an important role in modulating some of these metabolic effects. Interleukin-6 facilitates an antiinflammatory milieu and may exert some of its biological effects via inhibition of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha. SUMMARY: The discovery of contracting muscle as a cytokine-producing organ opens a new paradigm: skeletal muscle is an endocrine organ that in response to contractions produces and releases ‘myokines’, which subsequently can modulate the metabolic and immunological response to exercise in several tissues. In our view, interleukin-6 may be one of several myokines.

Altern Complement Med. 2007 May;13(4):419-26.

Yoga Asana Sessions Increase Brain GABA Levels: A Pilot Study.

Streeter CC, Jensen JE, Perlmutter RM, Cabral HJ, Tian H, Terhune DB, Ciraulo DA, Renshaw PF.

Division of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA., McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA., Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare changes in brain gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) levels associated with an acute yoga session versus a reading session. It was hypothesized that an individual yoga session would be associated with an increase in brain GABA levels. Design: This is a parallel-groups design. Settings/location: Screenings, scan acquisitions, and interventions took place at medical school-affiliated centers. Subjects: The sample comprised 8 yoga practitioners and 11 comparison subjects. Interventions: Yoga practitioners completed a 60-minute yoga session and comparison subjects completed a 60-minute reading session. Outcome measures: GABA-to-creatine ratios were measured in a 2-cm axial slab using magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging immediately prior to and immediately after interventions. Results: There was a 27% increase in GABA levels in the yoga practitioner group after the yoga session (0.20 mmol/kg) but no change in the comparison subject group after the reading session ( -0.001 mmol/kg) (t = -2.99, df = 7.87, p = 0.018). Conclusions:These findings demonstrate that in experienced yoga practitioners, brain GABA levels increase after a session of yoga. This suggests that the practice of yoga should be explored as a treatment for disorders with low GABA levels such as depression and anxiety disorders. Future studies should compare yoga to other forms of exercise to help determine whether yoga or exercise alone can alter GABA levels.

It looks like Dr Marc Tallon just blew the lid off the claims of CEE manufacturers. I think its about time supplement markets cut the bullshit a lot of figured out after reviewing the only literature regarding CEE found here:

http://blog.bodybuilding.com/deserusan/2007/03/24/creatine-ethyl-esterreviewing-the-literature/

Check out Dr. Tallon’s abstract from the recent ISSN conference:

“Child R1 and Tallon MJ2

1Department of Life Sciences, Kingston University, Penrhyn Rd, Kingston-upon-Thames, United Kingdom. 2University of Northumbria, Sport Sciences, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, DrChild@CR-Technologies.net

Creatine ethyl ester (CEE) is a commercially available synthetic creatine that is now widely used in dietary supplements. It comprises of creatine with an ethyl group attached and this molecular configuration is reported to provide several advantages over creatine monohydrate (CM). The Medical Research Institute (CA, USA) claim that the CEE in their product (CE2) provides greater solubility in lipids, leading to improved absorption. Similarly San (San Corporation, CA, USA) claim that the CEE in their product (San CM2 Alpha) avoids the breakdown of creatine to creatinine in stomach acids. Ultimately it is claimed that CEE products provide greater absorption and efficacy than CM. To date, none of these claims have been evaluated by an independent, or university laboratory and no comparative data are available on CEE and CM.

This study assessed the availability of creatine from three commercial creatine products during degradation in acidic conditions similar to those that occur in the stomach. They comprised of two products containing CEE (San CM2 Alpha and CE2) and commercially available CM (CreapureÒ). An independent laboratory, using testing guidelines recommended by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP), performed the analysis. Each product was incubated in 900ml of pH 1 HCL at 37± 1oC and samples where drawn at 5, 30 and 120 minutes. Creatine availability was assessed by immediately assaying for free creatine, CEE and the creatine breakdown product creatinine, using HPLC (UV)

After 30 minutes incubation only 73% of the initial CEE present was available from CE2, while the amount of CEE available from San CM2 Alpha was even lower at only 62%. In contrast, more than 99% of the creatine remained available from the CM product. These reductions in CEE availability were accompanied by substantial creatinine formation, without the appearance of free creatine. After 120minutes incubation 72% of the CEE was available from CE2 with only 11% available from San CM2 Alpha, while more than 99% of the creatine remained available from CM.

CEE is claimed to provide several advantages over CM because of increased solubility and stability. In practice, the addition of the ethyl group to creatine actually reduces acid stability and accelerates its breakdown to creatinine. This substantially reduces creatine availability in its esterified form and as a consequence creatines such as San CM2 and CE2 are inferior to CM as a source of free creatine.

Supported by Cr-Technologies, LLP, London, England”