I had this question posed to me recently so here ya go:
"What is your opinion on deadlifts? I have done deadlifts in the past but I always did them on leg day for my legs. Everything I see and read now talks about deadlifts for your back. Do they mean lats or lower back? I see how it works the lower back, that is obvious. I do stiff leg for the hams but would not mind adding (regular)deadlifts in for overall strength. What is the scoop with this exercise? I know how to perform the lift but just not sure how best to apply it. Both back and legs each have their own day once a week in my workout schedule."
When talking about using the deadlift to develop the back, the erector spinae (lumbar) are what are being hit primarily. The lats and traps do get used quite a bit though, especially in the top half of the movement. If you really focus on a rep or two, I think you’ll find that you notice your lats and traps are actually under considerable strain from right around the knees to the lockout out at the top, this strain of course shifting more from the lats to the traps as you near vertical.
My best way to answer how to implement deads into your training is rotation. I too had to add deads to my regimen after a few years of training with out them and then realizing how important they are. When I did this I didn’t want to drop stuff from my program that was working but I didn’t want to overtrain either so this is what I came up with:
If it is leg day and I want to focus on heavy squats, I may do stiff legged deads for my hamstrings but I probably (99% definitely) won’t go heavy. If my leg workout is going to be more hack or leg press oriented I will do either heavy full deads or stiff deads. My reasoning behind this is to protect my lower back from injury and overtraining. If you squat heavy and deadlift heavy in the same workout, I believe that your lower back gets way overworked and this could cause an injury from just being tired and letting your back round too much. The majority of adults suffer from low back pain, myself included on occasion, and I see no reason to add to it.
I may however deadlift heavy and squat heavy in the same week. That is dependent on my back day. If my point is not to just hammer on my upper back I like using either partial or full deadlifts on these days. Fits really well and if you have a day or two in between legs and back workouts your lower back will be in great shape to deadlift.
To sum it up I try to do the bulk of my dead lifting training around legs, and do the more supplemental dead training on my back days. Those are pretty much the days that I really feel I need to get in a good deadlifting session or the days that I just need to emphasize my lower back over my upper. I hope this helps.
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